XII. Chapter 2. The Outer Measures
Having touched upon the problem of forming the human being of the ennobled image and the related problems of transformation of the state into a brotherhood, and of the planet – into a garden, I have temporarily left aside another formidable problematic: the outer social-political, economic, and cultural measures, which will usher in universal material wellbeing and the harmonization of human society.
It seems to me that the whole period between the emergence of the Rose of the World and its assuming ethical control over political authority is to be viewed as preliminary. This period will see the formation of its structure, as well as the fashioning and proliferation of its religious, political, or cultural organizations. Its teaching and specific historical program are going to be elaborated; its preaching far and wide in all the languages, both written and spoken, will sweep across all the democratic countries. Its initial cadres amounting to just tens or hundreds of people will turn into a multimillion planetwide commonwealth. Any country, of which the constitution at that period of time will make it possible for the Rose of the World to exist, will allow its political organizations to take part in the nationwide election alongside other political parties. It goes without saying that none of its agitators or candidates should be allowed any slander, thoughtless promises, self-advertising, maligning of opponents, or even unverified claims to escape their lips during the election campaign (well, this equally applies to all other times). They are to behave in such a manner so that the Rose of the World would stay unblemished in the eyes of the people. It is ought to achieve political victories not contrary to but, rather, thanks to its ethical tenets.
Perhaps, the Rose of the World will be gaining political control in different countries at a different pace. Some of those countries may unite in a confederation well before the all-out unification will become a possibility. Yet, the social and political situation over the course of this preliminary stage may be motley and unpredictable, and so too the ways in which the Rose of the World, a branched-out global organization at the time, will come to power on a planetary scale. It is only safe to say that, inasmuch as it is capable of making such a step only under normal democratic procedures and having obtained the majority vote in all the countries, the decisive development would be not unlike a referendum or plebiscite. It is easy to conjecture that such a referendum would see the victory of the Rose of the World, even though not in all the countries. Yet, time will be on its side; its ideals and methods will appeal to the infinite human masses such that, having held the second referendum in several years’ time, the last dissenting states will join the Global Federation. Thus will begin the first stage of the Rose of the World’s ethical control over global political power, with its national assemblies overlooking national governments at that.
If the all-out total disarmament has not been carried out by then, a law mandating the immediate, all-out, absolute disarmament would herald the Rose of the World’s ascendance to ethical control. As for the technicalities of the disarmament, it is impossible and needless to preempt these: all will be thought out by the generation, which is going to be responsible for this process. For example, it is conceivable to create the Ministry of Disarmament in the government of the Federation along with corresponding ministries in governments of all the member states. Considering the gravity of economic problems associated with the all-out demilitarization and civil repurposing of the military complex, as well as with employment of tens of millions of people that have given up their firearms, it would be only natural to suggest that the process of total disarmament will take no less than five or seven years.
The amount of money, which could be freed up due to the all-out demilitarization, has long been the subject of curiosity. We do not know when and in what milieu it is going to happen; for this reason, precise calculations in this area are but scribbles in the sand. Yet, a trillion dollars would not be too far off the mark. Be that as it may, the sum in question is unimaginably humongous; precisely this sum will enable the implementation of great reforms.
During the first period of the Rose of the World’s rule, national and local peculiarities of the political system along with traditional social institutes in different countries will still be in place, if rather changing gradually from within, not from without, until the universal state will lose specific features of the bureaucratic machine. All in all, the coming of the Rose of the World does not presume the immediate review of the member states’ constitutions except for one single statute, which is to be changed or amended so as to acknowledge the Rose of the World as a body overriding national sovereignty. Further on, making changes in many statutes will be possible, even inevitable. Yet, those changes are first going to be technical rather than essential, it seems. In any event, each country will decide by the free expression of its populace, whether its political system will be subject to immediate and fundamental transformation or remain largely unaffected. For instance, there may be even such countries, of which the adherence to the traditional monarchical system will prove to be rather steady and solid. Is it hard to conjecture this kind of conservatism in England or, say, Japan? It goes without saying that the principle of monarchy is to stay in place in such instances. When the modern notion of the state begins to die out assuming largely economical coloration, the crowned heads will just remain as spiritual leaders or will personify the glorious past of their people and its traditions.
The same applies to the socio-economic structure of certain nations. The further all-out socialization will gradually pull in all the peoples, thus evening out the material levels of different countries, as well as their socio-economic structures. By then, the majority of industrial, agricultural, and commercial enterprises will have been handed over to public associations; each of them will become an independent legal body managing all its income except for deductions going to the state. The state will finance the creation of new associations accounting for the material demands of society and provide them with all the required equipment by way of a long-term lease. Reorganizing private enterprises into such associations is going to be bolstered. Perhaps, taxation of the populace will be not unlike collecting general revenue tax but in a more refined fashion. Yet, quite some time will have to pass for the principle of association to be firmly established as the basis of the universal state’s financial system.
With regard to political parties, they will be functioning just as before. The only obstacle to this may be their aggressively nationalistic, aggressively classist, or aggressively religious nature. Only bodies within the Rose of the World itself will be authorized to qualify one or another party as aggressive. At the same time, such parties will not be completely outlawed even at the first, relatively restrictive stage; yet, they will be not allowed to propagate their views either orally or in writing. Their coming to power is fraught with too horrendous consequences for humanity, if only those espousing such views do not realize the full scale of this horror. Later on, the control will be loosened up, and the ban will be lifted even from those parties for the complete freedom to reign supreme. Yet, to my mind, this is feasible no sooner than at the second stage when the overall cultural level itself will safeguard against any aggressive and separatist ideas.
The first stage is going to see the attainment of universal wellbeing. Activities of the Rose of the World will even have something in common with the communist dream. Any citizen regardless of nationality, residence, and occupation will be taken care of in that his or her basic needs are going to be met, whether it be food, clothing, housing, suitable work, rest, pastime, healthcare, basic amenities, higher education, access to art and science, or religious activities. In capitalist countries, tremendous amounts of money are being poured into an infinite expansion of production, which entails nothing but overproduction, unemployment, and crises. Instead, the money will go to the endeavors bringing no profit, thus producing no economic chain reaction. I am talking about construction and cultural projects on a global scale. The cadres of the global workforce will be reshuffled, so as to bring an end to unemployment from one side and to progressively shorten the working day – from the other. Further technological advancement and the rise of productivity will see just several hours of the normal working day remaining. Healthcare and social service agencies will spread their network of health and recreational facilities down to the remotest corners of the world. It will encompass all of the social strata including the peasantry, which has almost never enjoyed this right. Is it worth mentioning here the more specific achievements in this area such as, for example, the total elimination of pests and parasites due to the all-out sanitary-hygienic measures? Or, that medical advancements will eradicate many of the diseases, with which humanity is now plagued?
It is none of my business to speculate on the purely economic aspect of those future reforms. I would even say that it is none of my generation’s business, however much economically versed some of its representatives are. Discussing those particularities, which are decades away from us, is tantamount to useless, even detrimental projections. The time will come, and a credible authority will elaborate and embark – having first obtained everybody’s consent – on a planetwide economic reconstruction. Nonetheless, it is not hard to prefigure some of those particularities. For example, it is easy to prefigure or, rather, to figure out that the first years will see the all-round development of a robust building-material industry, which will make the basis for planetwide construction. This construction, mainly that of residential buildings, will later be running in full-swing. It will sweep across all the countries such that slums, hovels, and shags of the backward peoples or urban “ghettoes” crammed with have-nots would remain just a sad memory. They will give way to all kinds of residential buildings depending on the climate, needs, preferences and likings, everyday traditions, and national styles – from cottages and bungalows to, perhaps, high-rises. No matter the design, all these buildings will meet the demands of their dwellers.
Prospective thinking leads to the conclusion that it would be reasonable to proceed with the task of the planet’s transformation into a garden starting from uninhabited areas. This comes to be linked to the realization of the age-old dreams of reclaiming the great deserts – Sahara, Gobi, Kalahari, and the interior of Arabia and Australia. Their irrigation and greening will herald the first experience of the comprehensive, full-scale transformation of vast areas of the earthly surface into an artistically accomplished landscape. Warming polar and permafrost areas is going to be another task – harnessing the nuclear energy seems to make necessary technological provisions this way. The tropical belt will see an extensive wood clearing in the Congo, Niger, Amazonia, and Orinoco, as well as turning them into highly cultural zones. The exodus of the workforce will afflict the countries suffering from overpopulation, which will relocate to the areas matching up with its climatic, cultural, and vocational preferences. Volunteer immigrants, with all their basic needs met, will set about turning these areas into highly productive agricultural lands with the help of state-of-the-art technologies. Hundreds of billions will be invested into the development of international transport and the means of communication, so as to strengthen economic ties and engage the backward regions into a global exchange of commodities and culture. By that time, the advantages of civilian air travel over land transport will have become even more pronounced.
Nonetheless, railway transport or some of its specimens will long remain the most popular and democratic means of traveling apart from being the most widely used freight transport over great distances. Meridian and latitudinal transcontinental railroad lines will interlace the continents just like ropes tying up the box with a newly bought lampshade. It is clear to me that the direction of those lines will be based upon development of the cultural-economic ties, which are now hard to foresee without inaccuracies and great gaps. Yet, even now, with a purely childish pleasure, I fancy resting my gaze upon the world map trying to figure possible directions of those routes. I like to think, for example, that the Cape to Cairo railroad project, which was outlined in the previous century, will be finally brought to completion and even continue through the Caucasus up to St. Petersburg, with the other branch stretching from Cape Town across the entirety of Western Africa, only to reach London via two underwater tunnels under the Gibraltar and la Manche. My imagination delights in picturing a railroad stringing together Ethiopia, Lake Chad, and Senegambia, let alone a terribly long Afro-Asian line from Saigon to Casablanca passing through Bagdad and Cairo. It seems to me that there has long been a call – and it will be certainly built – for a trans-Eurasian line, which would connect the countries of the Southern Europe with Middle Asia and, having intercrossed with a line running through Tian Shan and Xinjiang, reach Beijing. It saddens me that I will not live to see the construction of a great railroad line from Moscow through Tashkent and Kabul to the blessed Delhi, and only my grandchildren or grand grandchildren will have a ride on the high-speed train “Madras – Lhasa – Irkutsk – Noril’sk”. I feel some comfort in the thought that the polar railroad line in Siberia will be finished fast enough thus connecting it with Central Europe through Vorkuta and with the railroad meshwork of America through the tunnel under the Bering Strait.
It seems to me that the whole period between the emergence of the Rose of the World and its assuming ethical control over political authority is to be viewed as preliminary. This period will see the formation of its structure, as well as the fashioning and proliferation of its religious, political, or cultural organizations. Its teaching and specific historical program are going to be elaborated; its preaching far and wide in all the languages, both written and spoken, will sweep across all the democratic countries. Its initial cadres amounting to just tens or hundreds of people will turn into a multimillion planetwide commonwealth. Any country, of which the constitution at that period of time will make it possible for the Rose of the World to exist, will allow its political organizations to take part in the nationwide election alongside other political parties. It goes without saying that none of its agitators or candidates should be allowed any slander, thoughtless promises, self-advertising, maligning of opponents, or even unverified claims to escape their lips during the election campaign (well, this equally applies to all other times). They are to behave in such a manner so that the Rose of the World would stay unblemished in the eyes of the people. It is ought to achieve political victories not contrary to but, rather, thanks to its ethical tenets.
Perhaps, the Rose of the World will be gaining political control in different countries at a different pace. Some of those countries may unite in a confederation well before the all-out unification will become a possibility. Yet, the social and political situation over the course of this preliminary stage may be motley and unpredictable, and so too the ways in which the Rose of the World, a branched-out global organization at the time, will come to power on a planetary scale. It is only safe to say that, inasmuch as it is capable of making such a step only under normal democratic procedures and having obtained the majority vote in all the countries, the decisive development would be not unlike a referendum or plebiscite. It is easy to conjecture that such a referendum would see the victory of the Rose of the World, even though not in all the countries. Yet, time will be on its side; its ideals and methods will appeal to the infinite human masses such that, having held the second referendum in several years’ time, the last dissenting states will join the Global Federation. Thus will begin the first stage of the Rose of the World’s ethical control over global political power, with its national assemblies overlooking national governments at that.
If the all-out total disarmament has not been carried out by then, a law mandating the immediate, all-out, absolute disarmament would herald the Rose of the World’s ascendance to ethical control. As for the technicalities of the disarmament, it is impossible and needless to preempt these: all will be thought out by the generation, which is going to be responsible for this process. For example, it is conceivable to create the Ministry of Disarmament in the government of the Federation along with corresponding ministries in governments of all the member states. Considering the gravity of economic problems associated with the all-out demilitarization and civil repurposing of the military complex, as well as with employment of tens of millions of people that have given up their firearms, it would be only natural to suggest that the process of total disarmament will take no less than five or seven years.
The amount of money, which could be freed up due to the all-out demilitarization, has long been the subject of curiosity. We do not know when and in what milieu it is going to happen; for this reason, precise calculations in this area are but scribbles in the sand. Yet, a trillion dollars would not be too far off the mark. Be that as it may, the sum in question is unimaginably humongous; precisely this sum will enable the implementation of great reforms.
During the first period of the Rose of the World’s rule, national and local peculiarities of the political system along with traditional social institutes in different countries will still be in place, if rather changing gradually from within, not from without, until the universal state will lose specific features of the bureaucratic machine. All in all, the coming of the Rose of the World does not presume the immediate review of the member states’ constitutions except for one single statute, which is to be changed or amended so as to acknowledge the Rose of the World as a body overriding national sovereignty. Further on, making changes in many statutes will be possible, even inevitable. Yet, those changes are first going to be technical rather than essential, it seems. In any event, each country will decide by the free expression of its populace, whether its political system will be subject to immediate and fundamental transformation or remain largely unaffected. For instance, there may be even such countries, of which the adherence to the traditional monarchical system will prove to be rather steady and solid. Is it hard to conjecture this kind of conservatism in England or, say, Japan? It goes without saying that the principle of monarchy is to stay in place in such instances. When the modern notion of the state begins to die out assuming largely economical coloration, the crowned heads will just remain as spiritual leaders or will personify the glorious past of their people and its traditions.
The same applies to the socio-economic structure of certain nations. The further all-out socialization will gradually pull in all the peoples, thus evening out the material levels of different countries, as well as their socio-economic structures. By then, the majority of industrial, agricultural, and commercial enterprises will have been handed over to public associations; each of them will become an independent legal body managing all its income except for deductions going to the state. The state will finance the creation of new associations accounting for the material demands of society and provide them with all the required equipment by way of a long-term lease. Reorganizing private enterprises into such associations is going to be bolstered. Perhaps, taxation of the populace will be not unlike collecting general revenue tax but in a more refined fashion. Yet, quite some time will have to pass for the principle of association to be firmly established as the basis of the universal state’s financial system.
With regard to political parties, they will be functioning just as before. The only obstacle to this may be their aggressively nationalistic, aggressively classist, or aggressively religious nature. Only bodies within the Rose of the World itself will be authorized to qualify one or another party as aggressive. At the same time, such parties will not be completely outlawed even at the first, relatively restrictive stage; yet, they will be not allowed to propagate their views either orally or in writing. Their coming to power is fraught with too horrendous consequences for humanity, if only those espousing such views do not realize the full scale of this horror. Later on, the control will be loosened up, and the ban will be lifted even from those parties for the complete freedom to reign supreme. Yet, to my mind, this is feasible no sooner than at the second stage when the overall cultural level itself will safeguard against any aggressive and separatist ideas.
The first stage is going to see the attainment of universal wellbeing. Activities of the Rose of the World will even have something in common with the communist dream. Any citizen regardless of nationality, residence, and occupation will be taken care of in that his or her basic needs are going to be met, whether it be food, clothing, housing, suitable work, rest, pastime, healthcare, basic amenities, higher education, access to art and science, or religious activities. In capitalist countries, tremendous amounts of money are being poured into an infinite expansion of production, which entails nothing but overproduction, unemployment, and crises. Instead, the money will go to the endeavors bringing no profit, thus producing no economic chain reaction. I am talking about construction and cultural projects on a global scale. The cadres of the global workforce will be reshuffled, so as to bring an end to unemployment from one side and to progressively shorten the working day – from the other. Further technological advancement and the rise of productivity will see just several hours of the normal working day remaining. Healthcare and social service agencies will spread their network of health and recreational facilities down to the remotest corners of the world. It will encompass all of the social strata including the peasantry, which has almost never enjoyed this right. Is it worth mentioning here the more specific achievements in this area such as, for example, the total elimination of pests and parasites due to the all-out sanitary-hygienic measures? Or, that medical advancements will eradicate many of the diseases, with which humanity is now plagued?
It is none of my business to speculate on the purely economic aspect of those future reforms. I would even say that it is none of my generation’s business, however much economically versed some of its representatives are. Discussing those particularities, which are decades away from us, is tantamount to useless, even detrimental projections. The time will come, and a credible authority will elaborate and embark – having first obtained everybody’s consent – on a planetwide economic reconstruction. Nonetheless, it is not hard to prefigure some of those particularities. For example, it is easy to prefigure or, rather, to figure out that the first years will see the all-round development of a robust building-material industry, which will make the basis for planetwide construction. This construction, mainly that of residential buildings, will later be running in full-swing. It will sweep across all the countries such that slums, hovels, and shags of the backward peoples or urban “ghettoes” crammed with have-nots would remain just a sad memory. They will give way to all kinds of residential buildings depending on the climate, needs, preferences and likings, everyday traditions, and national styles – from cottages and bungalows to, perhaps, high-rises. No matter the design, all these buildings will meet the demands of their dwellers.
Prospective thinking leads to the conclusion that it would be reasonable to proceed with the task of the planet’s transformation into a garden starting from uninhabited areas. This comes to be linked to the realization of the age-old dreams of reclaiming the great deserts – Sahara, Gobi, Kalahari, and the interior of Arabia and Australia. Their irrigation and greening will herald the first experience of the comprehensive, full-scale transformation of vast areas of the earthly surface into an artistically accomplished landscape. Warming polar and permafrost areas is going to be another task – harnessing the nuclear energy seems to make necessary technological provisions this way. The tropical belt will see an extensive wood clearing in the Congo, Niger, Amazonia, and Orinoco, as well as turning them into highly cultural zones. The exodus of the workforce will afflict the countries suffering from overpopulation, which will relocate to the areas matching up with its climatic, cultural, and vocational preferences. Volunteer immigrants, with all their basic needs met, will set about turning these areas into highly productive agricultural lands with the help of state-of-the-art technologies. Hundreds of billions will be invested into the development of international transport and the means of communication, so as to strengthen economic ties and engage the backward regions into a global exchange of commodities and culture. By that time, the advantages of civilian air travel over land transport will have become even more pronounced.
Nonetheless, railway transport or some of its specimens will long remain the most popular and democratic means of traveling apart from being the most widely used freight transport over great distances. Meridian and latitudinal transcontinental railroad lines will interlace the continents just like ropes tying up the box with a newly bought lampshade. It is clear to me that the direction of those lines will be based upon development of the cultural-economic ties, which are now hard to foresee without inaccuracies and great gaps. Yet, even now, with a purely childish pleasure, I fancy resting my gaze upon the world map trying to figure possible directions of those routes. I like to think, for example, that the Cape to Cairo railroad project, which was outlined in the previous century, will be finally brought to completion and even continue through the Caucasus up to St. Petersburg, with the other branch stretching from Cape Town across the entirety of Western Africa, only to reach London via two underwater tunnels under the Gibraltar and la Manche. My imagination delights in picturing a railroad stringing together Ethiopia, Lake Chad, and Senegambia, let alone a terribly long Afro-Asian line from Saigon to Casablanca passing through Bagdad and Cairo. It seems to me that there has long been a call – and it will be certainly built – for a trans-Eurasian line, which would connect the countries of the Southern Europe with Middle Asia and, having intercrossed with a line running through Tian Shan and Xinjiang, reach Beijing. It saddens me that I will not live to see the construction of a great railroad line from Moscow through Tashkent and Kabul to the blessed Delhi, and only my grandchildren or grand grandchildren will have a ride on the high-speed train “Madras – Lhasa – Irkutsk – Noril’sk”. I feel some comfort in the thought that the polar railroad line in Siberia will be finished fast enough thus connecting it with Central Europe through Vorkuta and with the railroad meshwork of America through the tunnel under the Bering Strait.